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REBIDS BY OPENER See SPLINTER REBIDS BY OPENER for a discussion of splinter rebids. After a One-Over-One Suit Response Opener Responder 1C 1H A 1NT rebid by opener shows 13-15 HCP, balanced hand (a singleton honor in responder's suit is sometimes acceptable). A hand that has opened a three-card suit with a minimum hand that cannot raise the one-over-one response must rebid 1NT. After opening 1C with S-AQ87 H-983 D-J76 C-AQ9 opener rebids 1NT after a 1D or 1H response. A 1S rebid could result in a non-forcing 3C jump preference by responder, which opener would have to pass. Rebidding 1NT avoids this embarrassing situation, because a 3C rebid by responder is forcing after a 1NT rebid (see chapter CHECKBACK STAYMAN BY RESPONDER in the book "Marvin's Conventions and Treatments"). Should you raise partner or rebid 1NT when holding adequate trump support for his suit? With a weak 4-3-3-3 hand the 1NT rebid is preferable. With 15 HCP, however, the raise should be given if the suit is a major, since a raise is more forward-going than a 1NT rebid. Partner might give up on game over 1NT, but try for game after a raise. Always prefer a 1NT rebid when the response is 1D. Raise partner's heart response or rebid 1S? With adequate trump support for hearts and a near-minimum the raise is usually preferable. One reason is that a jump preference would have to be passed, even with heart support: Opener Responder 1C 1H 1S 3C A 3H bid by opener at this point is an acceptance of the game try, forcing, since the 3C raise is only invitational. It's better to raise a 1H response with S-AJ76 H-K83 D-54 C-AJ54. If opener does bid 1S over 1H with a minimum and three hearts, as he would with S-AJ76 H-983 D-54 C-AK54, then he must pass a jump preference of 3C and hope that clubs is a better spot than hearts. A simple rebid in a new suit is non-forcing: Opener Responder 1D 1H 1S/2C - not forcing A reverse is forcing if responder's suit is five cards or longer. It requires a good hand (at least 16 HCP), of course, since responder must go to the three level if she prefers the first suit, but it does not promise another bid if responder makes a discourag- ing or merely invitational rebid. See REBIDS BY RESPONDER for a discussion of bidding sequences after a reverse. A jump rebid of 2NT shows 19-20 HCP, but a good suit counts for a point or two. It is not forcing, and Stoplight (described in the book "Marvin's Conventions and Treatments) applies. Responder passes only with a hand she is ashamed of, one that is not suitable for Stoplight if that convention is being used. A jump rebid of 3NT shows too much for a 2NT rebid, either in playing strength or HCP. It denies adequate trump support for responder's suit, because we open 2NT with 21 HCP and something in every suit. Jump raises and jump rebids in the same suit are invitational, not forcing. Again, responder usually bids again if not ashamed of the original response, especially after a jump raise. Jumps in a new suit are forcing to game. See also THE DOUBLE JUMP REBID IN A MINOR. After a 1NT Response Opener Responder 1 any 1NT -- Except for reverses, a 2S, 2H, or 2D rebid is weak. -- Reverses by opener are strong but not forcing. -- With an invitational hand, opener raises to 2NT or bids 2C (See chapter CHECKBACK STAYMAN in the book "Marvin's Conventions and Treatments") and then invites. -- All jump rebids by opener are forcing to game. -- Gerber is not used (4C is a splinter rebid after a 1NT re- sponse). After a Single Raise Opener Responder 1C 2C 1S 2S Opener's bid of a new suit is forcing after a raise, but a rebid of 2NT is not forcing. Responder can pass 2NT with only three-card trump support for a major, a balanced hand, and a minimum. She may pass 2NT with four-card support for a minor and a minimum if her hand is suited to a notrump contract. When opener rebids 2NT a new suit by responder is not forcing, weak, with a long suit. When opener rebids in a new suit, responder's new suit bid is forcing and may only show a stopper for notrump. A 1-2-3 sequence is invitational in a major, preemptive in a minor. For actions when opener's RHO bids over the raise, see chapter ACTION DOUBLES in the book "Conventional Doubles." After a 2NT Response Opener Responder 1 any 2NT See chapter OMNIBUS in the book "Marvin's Conventions and Treat- ments," or if responder is a passed hand, RESPONSES BY A PASSED HAND in this book and chapter STOPLIGHT in "Marvin's Conventins and Treatments." If not playing Omnibus, opener makes the rebid that best describes his hand. Any three-level suit bid is forcing, but a jump to game in the same suit is not invitational. If responder is a passed hand opener's rebid of his suit is a sign-off, but a new suit is forcing. After a Strong Jump Takeout Response Opener Responder 1C 2D/2H/2S Opener usually raises immediately with J10x or better in respon- der's suit. Don't raise immediately with three small, even with a singleton or void outside. Bid something else instead, then raise strongly. Such a delayed raise, even a jump, tends to deny the trump holding required for an immediate raise, which means that it is usually based on small cards. If the immediate single raise would be a game bid, however, you can bid something else before raising--even with good trump support: Opener Responder 1S 3H 4C 4S 5H/6H Responder realizes that opener could have better than xxx in hearts, since opener obviously had too much strength for a raise to 4H, which could end the auction. Opener should avoid rebidding in a new suit that lacks the ace or king. With a singleton in responder's suit and a very weak opening, a notrump bid may be preferred when there is no good suit rebid to make. A 3NT rebid after a three-level jump says, "Bad hand!" Avoid this bid if you have anything extra, because it is not forcing. See RESPONSES BY A PASSED HAND for rebids following a jump takeout by a passed hand. After a Two-Over-One Response Opener Responder 1S 2C/2D/2H A 2NT rebid shows extra values, about 15-16 HCP. A 3NT rebid shows too much for a 2NT rebid. A jump rebid in the same suit is highly invitational. Reverses are forcing, but do not promise another bid in all circumstances. See REBIDS BY RESPONDER for a full discussion of reverse bid sequences. A jump reverse is a splinter bid, as is a double jump in a new suit or a single jump to four of a new minor. See SPLINTER REBIDS BY OPENER. A new suit at the three level is forcing, and promises another bid even if responder merely rebids his suit: Opener Responder 1S 2D 3C 3D - forcing A raise of partner's minor response is not forcing. It does show extra values, but two of the top three honors or four-card support counts as "extra values" in a pinch. Opener Responder 1S 2C 3C Opener has S-KJ543 H-42 D-K32 C-AQ2. If the response had been 2D, he would have rebid just 2S with this minimum hand. See chapter MARVELOUS TWO DIAMONDS in the book "Marvin's Conventions and Treatments" for a partial solution to this problem. Opener Responder 1S 2D 3D Opener is usually strong, but could have a minimum 4-3-4-2 hand: S-AK76 H-A63 D-J952 C-82. Opener Responder 1H 2D 3D Opener will often have to make this bid with a minimum hand and 4-4 in the red suits. Responder should tend to bid conservatively until opener confirms a good hand. Opener Responder 1D 2C 3C Opener will usually have extra values. With 4-4 in the minors and a minimum opening, he might have opened with 1C to avoid this situation. He could, however, have 5-4 in the two suits (or very good three-card club support) and a minimum hand. The raise of a 2H response to 3H does not imply extra values, with which opener should bid 4H. This is one case where a jump raise may not be all that strong. If responder is a passed hand, then a raise of any two-over-one response definitely shows extra values, without which opener could just pass. A jump raise of a minor suit response is forcing to game: Opener Responder 1S 2C 4C If responder bids 4NT after this raise, he just wants to play there; he is not asking for aces. He might have a hand such as S3 H-J1098 D-QJ97 C-AQ97, a little too good for a 1NT response. After a Business Double South West North 1S 2C/2D/2H Dbl See BUSINESS DOUBLES OF OVERCALLS. After a Negative Double See chapters NEGATIVE DOUBLES OF SIMPLE OVERCALLS, NEGATIVE DOUBLES OF JUMP OVERCALLS, and NEGATIVE DOUBLES OF HIGHER OVERCALLS in the book "Conventional Doubles." After a Pass When opener's partner passes an overcall, opener should not reopen with a double unless he is prepared for any action responder might take, including a pass. We do not automatically reopen, but it is very unusual to sell out to a one-level overcall, especially at match point scoring. The key is to look at the length in the opposing suit. With four cards, it becomes very unlikely that partner has passed much of a hand, so a sellout becomes more attractive. Opposite a passing partner, it is unwise to make a free bid without extra values when partner has another chance to act: South West North East 1S 2C Pass 2D 2S Bidding 2S with a minimum hand and five spades is very dangerous, although one might bid 2S with six good spades and nothing extra when not vulnerable. Bidding 2H with a 5-5 hand is almost automa- tic at match point scoring, however, even with a minimum.